The standard penetration test (SPT): methods and use
Series/doc. No
Report
Report R 143
Year
1995
Abstract
Provides guidance on the use of the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) in geotechnical engineering. Used world-wide in a variety of ground conditions, this simple test is relied upon to provide information about the properties of soils and weak rocks and as a basis for design. The report examines the variability of SPT results, whether caused by the methods of drilling and testing or influenced by ground conditions. The principal uses of the SPT are examined, i.e. ground investigation profiling, soil classification, the determination of geotechnical design parameters and for direct design. Suggested methods are proposed and outlined for the determination from SPT results of geotechnical parameters for granular soils, cohesive soils, weak rocks and chalk. Similarly, suggested direct design methods are discussed for the settlements of shallow foundations on granular soil, for piles in soils, weak rocks and chalk, and for estimating liquefaction potential and sheet-pile driveability in granular soils.
ISBN
9780860174196
Subject(s)
Civil engineering and public utilities
Site investigation
Supplement
Civil & Structural. To subscribe to The Construction Information Service please telephone Customer Care on +44 1344 328300
Publisher History
CIRIA was formerly known as the Construction Industry Research and Information Association. They are a member-based research and information organisation who publish reports and technical papers covering building and civil engineering as well as transport and utilities infrastructure.
Table Of Contents
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List of figures
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6
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List of tables
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9
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Notations
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10
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1 Introduction
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13
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2 The evolution of the standard penetration test (SPT)
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16
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3 UK Practice
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20
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3.1 The British standard method of test
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20
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3.2 UK boring techniques
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22
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3.3 UK standard penetration test equipment
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24
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3.4 Test procedures in current use
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27
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3.5 Synopsis
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28
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4 Practice outside the UK
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29
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4.1 National standards
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29
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4.2 The issmfe European and international reference test procedures
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31
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4.3 International practice and equipment
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33
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4.4 Further developments
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40
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4.5 Synopsis
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40
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5 The influence of different practices and equipment on penetration resistance
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42
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5.1 Drilling or boring technique
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43
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5.2 Test equipment
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50
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5.3 Test method
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55
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5.4 Synopsis
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57
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6 The influence of ground conditions on penetration resistance
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58
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6.1 The SPT in granular soil
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58
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6.2 The SPT in cohesive soil
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59
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6.3 Weak and weathered rocks
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67
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6.4 Synopsis
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70
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7 SPT Applications
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71
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7.1 Profiling
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73
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7.2 Classification
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74
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7.3 Parameter determination
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75
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7.4 Direct design methods
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76
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8 Determination of geotechnical parameters
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77
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8.1 Estimation of parameters in granular soils
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78
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8.2 Estimation of parameters in cohesive soils
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84
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8.3 Estimation of parameters in weak rock
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89
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8.4 Estimation of parameters in chalk
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91
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9 Direct Design Methods
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95
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9.1 Estimation of settlements of shallow foundations on granular soil
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95
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9.2 Design of piles in soils, weak rocks and chalk
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101
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9.3 Liquefaction potential in granular soils
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105
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9.4 Estimation of sheet pile drivability
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107
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10 Recommendations for the use of the SPT
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109
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10.1 SPT field methods
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109
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10.2 Interpretation
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113
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10.3 Supervision and training
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115
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10.4 Application of SPT test results
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115
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10.5 Further work
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116
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References
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117
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Appendix 1 International Reference Test Procedure IRTP
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127
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Appendix 2 SPT energy measurement
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132
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